Arch Pain
-What is arch pain?
There are two arches in the foot. The longitudinal arch runs the length of the foot, and the
transverse arch runs across the width of the foot. The arches are made up of ligaments, which keep the bones of the feet in place. Arch pain can occur in one or both arches but
occurs most commonly in the longitudinal arch.
-How does it occur?
Arch pain most often occurs as a result of overuse in activities such
as running, hiking, walking, and jumping. People who have flat feet, or
people whose feet flatten and roll inward when walking (a problem called
over-pronation) are more prone to arch pain. Arch pain usually comes with a gradual onset of pain. However, it can occur suddenly if the ligaments are stretched
or torn during a forceful sporting activity such as sprinting or jumping.
-What are the symptoms?
The symptom is pain along the arch of the foot.
-How is it diagnosed?
Your healthcare provider will examine your foot for pain and tenderness along the arch.
-How is it treated?
To treat this condition:
Put an ice pack, gel pack, or package of frozen vegetables, wrapped in a
cloth on the area every 3 to 4 hours, for up to 20 minutes at a time.
Raise your foot on a pillow when you sit or lie down.
Take an anti-inflammatory such as ibuprofen, or other medicine as
directed by your provider. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines
(NSAIDs) may cause stomach bleeding and other problems. These risks
increase with age. Read the label and take as directed. Unless
recommended by your healthcare provider, do not take for more than 10
days.
Use an arch support or tape your arch as directed by your
provider. Your healthcare provider may recommend shoe inserts, called
orthotics. You can buy orthotics at a pharmacy or athletic shoe store or
they can be custom-made.
How long will the effects last?
The length of recovery depends on many factors such as your age, health,
and if you have had a previous arch injury. Recovery time also depends
on the severity of the injury. You may recover from mild arch pain
within a few days to a few weeks, while severe arch pain may take longer
to recover.
When can I return to my normal activities?
Everyone recovers from an injury at a different rate. Return to your
activities depends on how soon your arch recovers, not by how many days
or weeks it has been since your injury has occurred. In general, the
longer you have symptoms before you start treatment, the longer it will
take to get better. The goal of rehabilitation is to return to your
normal activities as soon as is safely possible. If you return too soon
you may worsen your injury.
You may safely return to your
normal activities when, starting from the top of the list and
progressing to the end, each of the following is true:
You have full range of motion in the injured foot compared to the uninjured foot.
You have full strength of the injured foot compared to the uninjured foot.
You can walk straight ahead without pain or limping.
-How can I prevent arch pain?
Arch pain can be prevented by wearing shoes that fit properly and provide proper arch support. Stretching your feet and arches before your
activity will also help prevent this injury(warm ups). You may need orthotics.
Some people will need to wear orthotics all the time and others only
during sporting activities.
Ground breaking discoveries in the field of physiotherapy and medicine as well as health related issues are discussed here. Comments from professionals around the world are welcome in this blog site as their contribution will not only answer our never-ending questions but will also provide hope for the hopeless. Be part of this new event and make your contributions to humanity by enhancing the quality of life for those who suffer due to lack of knowledge.
Tuesday, 23 July 2013
Saturday, 13 July 2013
Health and Fitness: Sleep Snoring Article Category
By
Joseph John Williams
It is natural to feel extremely tired after doing a lot of
overtime work or perhaps review for exams. However, when you still feel
exhausted despite having long hours of sleep, you must be having that
extreme fatigue syndrome. Extreme fatigue syndrome, not only among
adults but also among the youth, is increasingly becoming a big concern
these days.
Let's take a look at some of the main reasons why such cases are happening even among the youngster who should be more energetic and are expected to have unlimited power for most of the day.
For one, extreme fatigue syndrome is regarded as another disease related to lifestyle, just like obesity and diabetes. For one, kids these days are so much pressured by parents to excel and achieve. Encouraging children to do well in school as well as in their extracurricular activities is entirely different from expecting them to be always on top of every endeavour they get into. The result of this scenario, putting too much unnecessary pressure on children, is that children are succumbing to great anxiety or stress and forgetting to enjoy their youth or childhood.
As a way to respond to all this pressure, children energise themselves by drinking sweet caffeinated beverages such as energy drinks and blended coffee. Such kind of drinks can quickly boost energy but the thing is, you will feel even more exhausted when the effects wear off. Caffeine is known to adversely affect the adrenal glands and make it produce adrenaline, cortisol, epinephrine and norepinephrine. And this result in adrenal fatigue, which means the body is primed to assume a "fight or flight" state when it does not really need to.
For another, children's diet these days has a lot of sugar and too much sugar has also an adverse effect on the body. Much like caffeine, it also stimulates the release of epinephrine, a hormone that's responsible for breaking down the body's stored energy. As a result, the body will go through a rollercoaster ride in terms of energy levels.
What can be the best solution to prevent the further increase of this prevailing disease related to extreme exhaustion?
Look into your child's diet. Limit consumption of drinks with high levels of sugar and caffeine. If you can eliminate it, then much better. Encourage your child to drink lots of water because another reason people feel tired is simply because they are dehydrated. Prepare a diet that incorporates fruits and veggies instead of processed food.
Establish regular hours of sleeping. Go to bed as early as possible and get enough rest to normalize your circadian rhythm and allow the body to regulate the production of hormones. The presence of lights can disrupt melatonin production in the brain so sleep in a pitch-black room.
Let's take a look at some of the main reasons why such cases are happening even among the youngster who should be more energetic and are expected to have unlimited power for most of the day.
For one, extreme fatigue syndrome is regarded as another disease related to lifestyle, just like obesity and diabetes. For one, kids these days are so much pressured by parents to excel and achieve. Encouraging children to do well in school as well as in their extracurricular activities is entirely different from expecting them to be always on top of every endeavour they get into. The result of this scenario, putting too much unnecessary pressure on children, is that children are succumbing to great anxiety or stress and forgetting to enjoy their youth or childhood.
As a way to respond to all this pressure, children energise themselves by drinking sweet caffeinated beverages such as energy drinks and blended coffee. Such kind of drinks can quickly boost energy but the thing is, you will feel even more exhausted when the effects wear off. Caffeine is known to adversely affect the adrenal glands and make it produce adrenaline, cortisol, epinephrine and norepinephrine. And this result in adrenal fatigue, which means the body is primed to assume a "fight or flight" state when it does not really need to.
For another, children's diet these days has a lot of sugar and too much sugar has also an adverse effect on the body. Much like caffeine, it also stimulates the release of epinephrine, a hormone that's responsible for breaking down the body's stored energy. As a result, the body will go through a rollercoaster ride in terms of energy levels.
What can be the best solution to prevent the further increase of this prevailing disease related to extreme exhaustion?
Look into your child's diet. Limit consumption of drinks with high levels of sugar and caffeine. If you can eliminate it, then much better. Encourage your child to drink lots of water because another reason people feel tired is simply because they are dehydrated. Prepare a diet that incorporates fruits and veggies instead of processed food.
Establish regular hours of sleeping. Go to bed as early as possible and get enough rest to normalize your circadian rhythm and allow the body to regulate the production of hormones. The presence of lights can disrupt melatonin production in the brain so sleep in a pitch-black room.
Extreme fatigue syndrome is not only associated with one feeling
restless after a long tiring day. It's actually feeling exhausted even
when you haven't done anything. Learn more from http://www.supernutritionacademy.com
Article Source:
http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Joseph_John_Williams
Five Exercises That Will Tone Your Abs Without Causing or Worsening a Neck Injury
By Dr. E. C. Gordon
if you have a sore neck, you are probably struggling to exercise your abdominal muscles. Most of the common exercises used to tone the abs are ones that inadvertently put pressure on the neck, and this can be very frustrating if you are trying to get in shape. However, it is not impossible to exercise and tone your abs without involving your neck in any way. Read on to discover five difference exercises that should help you to cultivate a slender and toned abdomen.
1) The National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM) recommends a marching exercise that can be done lying on your back on the floor. Start by lying down with your feet flat on the floor and your knees bent. Next, raise your left knee up towards your chest until it is pulled tight against your body. Hold it there with your back flat and your knee perpendicular to the floor. After a few seconds, lower your leg to the starting position, and repeat the exercise with your right left. Throughout this exercise, your neck should be relaxed and supported by the floor.
2) A plank is performed in a kneeling position, and it will exercise your whole body (including your abs) without putting pressure on your neck. Once you are kneeling, place your palms down onto the floor at the height of your shoulders, and then extend your legs out behind you (keeping your abs engaged). Making sure that you keep your back straight at all times, you should hold this position for up to thirty seconds before you go back to the initial kneeling position. When you are performing a plank, be careful to face the floor to avoid straining or arching your neck.
3) One version of the reverse crunch is particularly well suited to those with a neck injury. It is called the reverse crunch with rotation, and allows you to exercise and tone all of your abdominal muscles without straining your neck. Lie flat on your back with your knees bent, then slowly lift both knees up towards your left shoulder while your lower back rises from the floor. Hold this position for five seconds, then lower your hips and your back until your feet are on the floor again. You should then repeat the exercise, this time lifting your knees at an angle towards your right shoulder.
4) There is also an alternative version of the reverse crunch that involves lifting your knees straight up towards your chest (instead of at the angle involved in the reverse crunch with rotation). To perform the straight reverse crunch, lie flat on your back with the soles of your feet flat on the floor and your knees bent. With your abs engaged, your arms by your sides, and your back tight against the floor, pull your knees up towards your chest until you are holding them right against your body. Try to hold this position for about five seconds, then lower your legs until your feet are back on the floor (keeping your back flat against the floor at all times).
5) An exercise called the leg raise does not demand any upper body movement, and your neck can rest comfortably on the floor throughout. You should begin by once again lying on your back with your feet flat on the floor, and you should let your arms rest by your sides. Pull your knees up until they are tight against your chest, then unbend your knees and raise your legs straight up above the hips. Slowly lower your legs down towards the floor, keeping your back flat and your legs straight, and stop when you feel as though your lower back is about to rise up off the floor. At this point, hold your position for a few seconds, and then pull your legs back up towards your chest to repeat the exercise.
If you perform all of the above five exercises correctly, you should be able to tone your abdominal muscles without aggravating your neck injury. However, if you do experience any pain during any of the exercises, stop immediately, and make sure that you remove that particular exercise from your routine.
Watch video showing full demonstration of each exercise to flatten stomach at http://www.exercisesfortummyflattening.com/the-YouTube-video-up
Article Source:
http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Dr._E._C._Gordon
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/7839722
What Are The Most Effective Remedies For Acne?
By
Parshotam K Khatri
Article Source:
http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Parshotam_K_Khatri
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/7842343
Acne is an irritable skin condition that affects mostly
youngsters. No one factor causes acne. There are lots of factors to be
considered why a person gets acne. This includes heredity, food, stress,
dirt, pressure, certain drugs and cosmetics. Sometimes, an occupational
work exposed to industrial products related to oils may produce acne.
Acne happens when sebaceous (oil) glands attached to the hair follicles
are stimulated. Sebum (oil) is a natural substance which lubricates and
protects the skin. Associated with increased oil production is a change
in the manner in which the skin cells mature so that they are
predisposed to clog the follicular openings or pores. The clogged hair
follicle gradually enlarges, producing a bump. As the follicle enlarges,
the wall may rupture, allowing irritating substances and normal skin
bacteria access into the deeper layers of the skin, ultimately producing
inflammation. Thus, resulting to pimples, blackheads, and dark spots of
the skin.
At present times and due to hectic schedules of the people for the ever-changing demands of the world, health is somehow taken for granted specifically on proper care for the skin. If you want to have a clear and healthy skin, you need to drink enough pure and free water, eat fresh and nutritious foods, exercise regularly, and eliminate foods and drinks that boost up acne outbreaks.
Here are the most popular and effective home remedies for acne which you can find easily at your home or the health food store.
1- Ice cubes soothe the severity of inflammation, reduce the size of pimples and calm scarring. You can rinse with cold water.
2- Make the paste of baking soda by mixing with water, used as a facial mask. This performs double actions on your skin to clears acne outbreaks and reduces scarring.
3- Limon or lemon juice is very beneficial, used in many home remedies for different disease; it also acts as a skin lightener and lightens the scars. Use lemon to treat acne outbreaks.
4- Cucumber and tomato slices can be applied on your skin on regular basis will help to clear up acne and reduce scarring.
5- Olive oil is used to reduce the visibility of acne scars and it also helps in the healing of skin.
6- Ground organic orange and water can be used to help skin heal and reduce acne outbreaks.
7- Green tea is one of the best home remedies that contain many potent antioxidants which help your skin to heal and rejuvenate as well.
8- Lavender essential oil is very helpful in acne outbreaks to heal and helps the scars to vanish.
9- Orange or orange juices and papayas which contain Vitamin C help the skin to refresh.
10- Apply a small amount of aloe vera gel, mixed with lavender oil or tea tree oil that reduces the irritation, inflammation and refresh skin.
11- Take a steam bath or steam your face over a pan of hot water for two minutes with towel over your head, carry out in the morning and before going to bed.
Some home remedies are pretty strange, such as toothpaste, mustard, nettles, rose water and aloe vera, are common constituents of acne treatments.
These home remedies work well for acne. To complete clear up your skin and to heal your acne scars naturally, you must rely on natural diet and drink abundant purified water.
Research shows acne can be reduced by 50%, we only need to know that causes of acne outbreaks are sugar, caffeine, dairy products and processed foods, so try to avoid these products.
However, for tougher cases of acne, you should consult a physician for treatment options that will assist you in modifying your diet and lifestyle that will clear your skin and help your body heal the acne scars.
At present times and due to hectic schedules of the people for the ever-changing demands of the world, health is somehow taken for granted specifically on proper care for the skin. If you want to have a clear and healthy skin, you need to drink enough pure and free water, eat fresh and nutritious foods, exercise regularly, and eliminate foods and drinks that boost up acne outbreaks.
Here are the most popular and effective home remedies for acne which you can find easily at your home or the health food store.
1- Ice cubes soothe the severity of inflammation, reduce the size of pimples and calm scarring. You can rinse with cold water.
2- Make the paste of baking soda by mixing with water, used as a facial mask. This performs double actions on your skin to clears acne outbreaks and reduces scarring.
3- Limon or lemon juice is very beneficial, used in many home remedies for different disease; it also acts as a skin lightener and lightens the scars. Use lemon to treat acne outbreaks.
4- Cucumber and tomato slices can be applied on your skin on regular basis will help to clear up acne and reduce scarring.
5- Olive oil is used to reduce the visibility of acne scars and it also helps in the healing of skin.
6- Ground organic orange and water can be used to help skin heal and reduce acne outbreaks.
7- Green tea is one of the best home remedies that contain many potent antioxidants which help your skin to heal and rejuvenate as well.
8- Lavender essential oil is very helpful in acne outbreaks to heal and helps the scars to vanish.
9- Orange or orange juices and papayas which contain Vitamin C help the skin to refresh.
10- Apply a small amount of aloe vera gel, mixed with lavender oil or tea tree oil that reduces the irritation, inflammation and refresh skin.
11- Take a steam bath or steam your face over a pan of hot water for two minutes with towel over your head, carry out in the morning and before going to bed.
Some home remedies are pretty strange, such as toothpaste, mustard, nettles, rose water and aloe vera, are common constituents of acne treatments.
These home remedies work well for acne. To complete clear up your skin and to heal your acne scars naturally, you must rely on natural diet and drink abundant purified water.
Research shows acne can be reduced by 50%, we only need to know that causes of acne outbreaks are sugar, caffeine, dairy products and processed foods, so try to avoid these products.
However, for tougher cases of acne, you should consult a physician for treatment options that will assist you in modifying your diet and lifestyle that will clear your skin and help your body heal the acne scars.
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/7842343
Bile Reflux But Not Acid Reflux Causes Injury
By
Peter Melamed Ph.D.
Contrary to common believe that heartburn is caused only by an acid reflux, doctors found out that it might also be caused by a bile reflux, which also goes by a name of duodenogastric bile reflux.
There are two critical situations when we have to start thinking seriously about bile reflux. The first case is when person has a chronic heartburn, and heartburn drugs do not work. Second, is the condition when one experiences pain, heartburn, and indigestion after gallbladder removal.
Bile reflux is not something that is new; surgeons have found bile in the stomach with ulcers during surgery, for over a hundred years. Bile is a common finding by gastroscopy in people with gastritis, ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). There is a high possibility that a bile reflux, not acid reflux causes injury.
Thanks to technology, doctors started to detect bile in the esophagus in 70% stubborn chronic cases of heartburn and Barrett's Esophagus. About 10%-15% of people with chronic symptoms of GERD get Barrett's Esophagus. That is a serious precancerous complication of gastroesophageal reflux disease. There are many articles and books discussing potential injury of the stomach and esophagus that could be caused by bile due to bile reflux.
What can cause bile reflux?
To be more specific, the bile reflux is also the pancreatic reflux, as well. It means that the mixture of bile and pancreatic juice can do injury. Many people know that the liver produces bile and pancreas manufactures pancreatic juice full of digestive enzymes. However, not too many people know that bile and pancreatic juice are highly alkaline solutions. Alkalinity of these solutions means healthy digestion, contrary, acidic changes lead to poor digestion. My articles and book medically support this idea.
Bile is an alkaline solution with a gentle balance of water, minerals, bicarbonates, cholesterol, lecithin, and bile acids and bile salts. If bile is acidic, there are more precipitated bile acids in it. Bile acids are extremely "aggressive" chemical substances, which make acidic bile so irritable. Acidic bile irritates the surrounding tissues, mucus membranes, and sphincters and leads to bile reflux.
In a healthy person, mixture of alkaline bile and pancreatic juice goes down to the beginning of the small intestine - duodenum. Alkaline environment in the duodenum is a decisive factor of the good digestion and proper transfer of the digested food down to the lower area of the small intestine. Acidifying makes bile particularly "aggressive". Whole body acidity leads to acidic changes in the bile with precipitation of the bile acids, which irritate the duodenum's walls causing rough contractions and spasms. This throws the contents of the small intestine with aggressive mix of the bile acids and pancreatic enzymes up into the stomach.
Acidic bile irritates valves, ducts, duodenum wall, causing "the wrong way traffic" - bile/pancreatic reflux into the stomach or even esophagus.
Almost 40-50% of all adults in the U.S. report having some symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) that is generally called acid reflux.
Commonly treatment for acid reflux is the medications that suppress stomach acidity. In numerous situations with stubborn, chronic heartburn, patients poorly respond to acid-suppressive drugs because acid reflux is only part of the problem. The main culprit is bile/pancreatic reflux.
Another situation when bile reflux can be seen is often in persons' with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction after gallbladder removal. Normally, when the sphincter of Oddi is closed, bile from liver goes into the gallbladder. Absence of the gallbladder's buffer capacity can increase the pressure inside the bile ducts and pancreatic duct. Acidic, offensive bile promotes more spasms of the sphincter of Oddi. It can cause bile reflux to the pancreas and possible pancreatitis.
In normal condition, gallbladder contracts and pushes out concentrated bile in the duodenum when food gets there for digestion. After gallbladder removal, bile from liver drips into the duodenum despite the fact that there is no food in the gut. Acidic bile corrodes empty duodenum's wall resulting bile reflux in the stomach.
It is getting clear that restoration of normal, slightly alkaline environment in the whole body and, particularly in the liver and pancreas, can reduce the bile/pancreatic reflux into the stomach and esophagus. In turn, this can lessen bile reflux and chronic heartburn.
Control the whole body acidity, can be done by three ways:
1. Eating natural, alkaline-formed foods
2. Drinking Karlovy Vary healing mineral water
3. Taking mineral supplements such as cellular magnesium-potassium
I focus on these three ways in my book, in details.
Even though, most people are familiar with the alkaline diet and mineral supplementation, Karlovy Vary healing mineral water is almost unknown to Americans. Using healing mineral waters has extended medical practice in Europe. Karlovy Vary, in Czech Republic, is famous health mineral spa in the middle of Europe.
Millions of people with digestive symptoms, such as heartburn, stomach fullness, nausea, cramps and chronic abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation get relief by drinking this healing mineral water. For people, who could not go there, geyser water was vaporized to make mineral salt.
Drinking mineral water prepared from genuine Karlovy Vary salt was hundred years remedy for heartburn. According to European doctors, minerals and bicarbonate in this water can do double work. First, it can normalize the acidity in the stomach. Second, Karlovy Vary healing mineral water alkalizes the body and body's fluids such as bile and pancreatic juice.
Speaking of bile/pancreatic reflux, it has to focus also on Candida-yeast overgrowth and small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) after taking antibiotics, some medications, drinking alcohol, eating many sugars, or drinking soda, etc. This will cause constant fermentation in the intestines and produces a lot of gas. By its way out, gas can open the valve between esophagus and stomach; move the stomach's content up with severe heartburn.
This special valve is known as the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). The LES is so strong that even when healthy experienced yoga people stand on their head, the sphincter holds back the stomach contents and protects the esophagus.
The LES relaxes at inappropriate times if the pressure inside the stomach is high. The valve cannot hold up the increased pressure in the stomach, so it unlocks. Large dinners or lying down after big meals and wearing tight clothing can increase the pressure inside the stomach. Improper food combinations of proteins, starches, and sugars may also cause a lot of gas and heartburn.
If you suffer from long-term heartburn and you cannot get help from medicine that suppresses stomach acidity, there is a high possibility that you have a bile reflux. Bile reflux is not easy to treat. In this situation non-drug, natural approach can be beneficial. The goal is to find knowledgeable licensed health practitioner.
Misdiagnosis or failure to control bile reflux can result in serious problems such as stomach and duodenum inflammation, ulcers and Barrett's esophagus; a possible precursor to esophageal cancer.
The information on this article is presented for educational, informational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for the diagnosis, treatment, and advice of a qualified licensed professional.
Contrary to common believe that heartburn is caused only by an acid reflux, doctors found out that it might also be caused by a bile reflux, which also goes by a name of duodenogastric bile reflux.
There are two critical situations when we have to start thinking seriously about bile reflux. The first case is when person has a chronic heartburn, and heartburn drugs do not work. Second, is the condition when one experiences pain, heartburn, and indigestion after gallbladder removal.
Bile reflux is not something that is new; surgeons have found bile in the stomach with ulcers during surgery, for over a hundred years. Bile is a common finding by gastroscopy in people with gastritis, ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). There is a high possibility that a bile reflux, not acid reflux causes injury.
Thanks to technology, doctors started to detect bile in the esophagus in 70% stubborn chronic cases of heartburn and Barrett's Esophagus. About 10%-15% of people with chronic symptoms of GERD get Barrett's Esophagus. That is a serious precancerous complication of gastroesophageal reflux disease. There are many articles and books discussing potential injury of the stomach and esophagus that could be caused by bile due to bile reflux.
What can cause bile reflux?
To be more specific, the bile reflux is also the pancreatic reflux, as well. It means that the mixture of bile and pancreatic juice can do injury. Many people know that the liver produces bile and pancreas manufactures pancreatic juice full of digestive enzymes. However, not too many people know that bile and pancreatic juice are highly alkaline solutions. Alkalinity of these solutions means healthy digestion, contrary, acidic changes lead to poor digestion. My articles and book medically support this idea.
Bile is an alkaline solution with a gentle balance of water, minerals, bicarbonates, cholesterol, lecithin, and bile acids and bile salts. If bile is acidic, there are more precipitated bile acids in it. Bile acids are extremely "aggressive" chemical substances, which make acidic bile so irritable. Acidic bile irritates the surrounding tissues, mucus membranes, and sphincters and leads to bile reflux.
In a healthy person, mixture of alkaline bile and pancreatic juice goes down to the beginning of the small intestine - duodenum. Alkaline environment in the duodenum is a decisive factor of the good digestion and proper transfer of the digested food down to the lower area of the small intestine. Acidifying makes bile particularly "aggressive". Whole body acidity leads to acidic changes in the bile with precipitation of the bile acids, which irritate the duodenum's walls causing rough contractions and spasms. This throws the contents of the small intestine with aggressive mix of the bile acids and pancreatic enzymes up into the stomach.
Acidic bile irritates valves, ducts, duodenum wall, causing "the wrong way traffic" - bile/pancreatic reflux into the stomach or even esophagus.
Almost 40-50% of all adults in the U.S. report having some symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) that is generally called acid reflux.
Commonly treatment for acid reflux is the medications that suppress stomach acidity. In numerous situations with stubborn, chronic heartburn, patients poorly respond to acid-suppressive drugs because acid reflux is only part of the problem. The main culprit is bile/pancreatic reflux.
Another situation when bile reflux can be seen is often in persons' with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction after gallbladder removal. Normally, when the sphincter of Oddi is closed, bile from liver goes into the gallbladder. Absence of the gallbladder's buffer capacity can increase the pressure inside the bile ducts and pancreatic duct. Acidic, offensive bile promotes more spasms of the sphincter of Oddi. It can cause bile reflux to the pancreas and possible pancreatitis.
In normal condition, gallbladder contracts and pushes out concentrated bile in the duodenum when food gets there for digestion. After gallbladder removal, bile from liver drips into the duodenum despite the fact that there is no food in the gut. Acidic bile corrodes empty duodenum's wall resulting bile reflux in the stomach.
It is getting clear that restoration of normal, slightly alkaline environment in the whole body and, particularly in the liver and pancreas, can reduce the bile/pancreatic reflux into the stomach and esophagus. In turn, this can lessen bile reflux and chronic heartburn.
Control the whole body acidity, can be done by three ways:
1. Eating natural, alkaline-formed foods
2. Drinking Karlovy Vary healing mineral water
3. Taking mineral supplements such as cellular magnesium-potassium
I focus on these three ways in my book, in details.
Even though, most people are familiar with the alkaline diet and mineral supplementation, Karlovy Vary healing mineral water is almost unknown to Americans. Using healing mineral waters has extended medical practice in Europe. Karlovy Vary, in Czech Republic, is famous health mineral spa in the middle of Europe.
Millions of people with digestive symptoms, such as heartburn, stomach fullness, nausea, cramps and chronic abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation get relief by drinking this healing mineral water. For people, who could not go there, geyser water was vaporized to make mineral salt.
Drinking mineral water prepared from genuine Karlovy Vary salt was hundred years remedy for heartburn. According to European doctors, minerals and bicarbonate in this water can do double work. First, it can normalize the acidity in the stomach. Second, Karlovy Vary healing mineral water alkalizes the body and body's fluids such as bile and pancreatic juice.
Speaking of bile/pancreatic reflux, it has to focus also on Candida-yeast overgrowth and small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) after taking antibiotics, some medications, drinking alcohol, eating many sugars, or drinking soda, etc. This will cause constant fermentation in the intestines and produces a lot of gas. By its way out, gas can open the valve between esophagus and stomach; move the stomach's content up with severe heartburn.
This special valve is known as the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). The LES is so strong that even when healthy experienced yoga people stand on their head, the sphincter holds back the stomach contents and protects the esophagus.
The LES relaxes at inappropriate times if the pressure inside the stomach is high. The valve cannot hold up the increased pressure in the stomach, so it unlocks. Large dinners or lying down after big meals and wearing tight clothing can increase the pressure inside the stomach. Improper food combinations of proteins, starches, and sugars may also cause a lot of gas and heartburn.
If you suffer from long-term heartburn and you cannot get help from medicine that suppresses stomach acidity, there is a high possibility that you have a bile reflux. Bile reflux is not easy to treat. In this situation non-drug, natural approach can be beneficial. The goal is to find knowledgeable licensed health practitioner.
Misdiagnosis or failure to control bile reflux can result in serious problems such as stomach and duodenum inflammation, ulcers and Barrett's esophagus; a possible precursor to esophageal cancer.
The information on this article is presented for educational, informational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for the diagnosis, treatment, and advice of a qualified licensed professional.
Peter Melamed, PhD received his medical education first as a
registered nurse and then as a medical doctor in Russia. He took
specialized training in anesthesiology, intensive care, and internal
medicine. Working as a physician, he became interested in holistic
healing through his clinical experience with herbs, acupuncture, healing
mineral water, and internal cleansing. He was granted a license to
practice acupuncture in Russia in 1978, and from that time, he combined
conventional Western medical treatment with herbs, acupuncture, and
other non-drug healing therapies.
In 1975, Peter Melamed established Biotherapy as a natural, holistic approach to healing. Biotherapy combines the wisdom of traditional Russian folk medicine, ancient Oriental medical therapies, and European naturopathy with cutting-edge Western technology.
After immigrating to the USA and passing all the exams, Peter Melamed succeeded in starting up a private practice in 1996 at the Biotherapy Alternative Medicine Clinic of San Francisco Bay Area.
He is the author of the many articles and EBook: Healthy Pancreas, Healthy You. http://www.biotherapystore.com/home.php?cat=28 This book is revolutionary new guide to healing pancreatic and other digestive disorders without medications and surgery. Get more info at: http://www.biotherapy-clinic.com/
Article Source:
http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Peter_Melamed_Ph.D.
In 1975, Peter Melamed established Biotherapy as a natural, holistic approach to healing. Biotherapy combines the wisdom of traditional Russian folk medicine, ancient Oriental medical therapies, and European naturopathy with cutting-edge Western technology.
After immigrating to the USA and passing all the exams, Peter Melamed succeeded in starting up a private practice in 1996 at the Biotherapy Alternative Medicine Clinic of San Francisco Bay Area.
He is the author of the many articles and EBook: Healthy Pancreas, Healthy You. http://www.biotherapystore.com/home.php?cat=28 This book is revolutionary new guide to healing pancreatic and other digestive disorders without medications and surgery. Get more info at: http://www.biotherapy-clinic.com/
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/7622852
3 Easy Steps to Beat Bloating and Get a Flat Tummy
By
Dave Hompes
About twelve years ago, when I was a personal trainer, I saw a presentation called "Flatten Your Abs Forever". I thought the guy was going to talk about exercises to develop a "washboard stomach" (6-pack, whatever you want to call it).
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/7833967
About twelve years ago, when I was a personal trainer, I saw a presentation called "Flatten Your Abs Forever". I thought the guy was going to talk about exercises to develop a "washboard stomach" (6-pack, whatever you want to call it).
But he talked for 3 hours on why
people get abdominal bloating, and how you can't have a flat tummy
unless you have good digestion. I'll never forget what I learned that
day and I'd like to teach you all about it.
There are three essential simple steps for achieving a sexy flat tummy and this article teaches you those very steps!
STEP ONE - Change Your Food!
The first step in getting a flat tummy is to get rid of foods that cause inflammation in your gut. Any time there's inflammation in your gut, your abdominal muscles shut down and your tummy pops out, making you look 7-months pregnant (in men, too!)
I'm sure you know the feeling. It's uncomfortable - often painful - and embarrassing. It saps your confidence and makes you want to hide.
Start by chucking out gluten, soy and cow's milk. You will be amazed at the results.
STEP TWO - Remove Bad Bugs from Your Gut!
Sometimes, even removing the bad foods foods doesn't work. Why?
Well you may have "bad bugs" living in your gut, and when you eat food, these bad bugs have a party. Many of them ferment the foods you eat, making your gut fizzy, gassy and bloated.
Bacteria like H. pylori (which I had), C. difficile, E. coli, Salmonella and other usual suspects, yeast and fungi such as Candida and parasites of all sizes, shapes and colours can be real nuisances.
These little critters set your gut on fire, they eat your food and make your tummy extend out like a balloon.
To find out which bad bugs are lurking in your stomach and intestine, you have to run a stool test. The ones given my standard doctors aren't that good. Get a test from a reputable specialty laboratory. There are 3 or 4 very good ones and they have distributors worldwide.
STEP THREE - Replace the Good Stuff!
If you don't have enough stomach acid or digestive enzymes, you won't digest your food properly. The bad bugs love this - the less you digest, the more there is for them to eat and that can only mean three things: inflammation, gas and bloating.
Can you find out whether you have low acid and enzyme levels? Absolutely - a good stool test will give you this info, as well as finding the bad bugs.
"Good bugs" (also known as "predominant bacteria" or "probiotics") are also really important - they keep the bad bugs away, support digestion, cut down inflammation and generally keep your gut healthy. The latest research suggests they may even affect emotional function!
If your good bugs have been knocked out by antibiotic treatments, drinking alcohol or eating a poor quality diet, their absence can allow bad bugs in, stop you digesting food, and make your tummy explode.
A good stool test will also tell you about your "good bug" population!
SUMMARY
Getting rid of your bloating and achieving that flat tummy you've always wanted has as much to do with your inside health as it does your outside appearance.
You can do all the crunches and abdominal exercises you want, but if your gut is inflamed and gassy, it will continue to pop out and cause you discomfort and embarrassment.
Take 90-days out of your life and implement the three steps I've taught you here. It's worth it.
There are three essential simple steps for achieving a sexy flat tummy and this article teaches you those very steps!
STEP ONE - Change Your Food!
The first step in getting a flat tummy is to get rid of foods that cause inflammation in your gut. Any time there's inflammation in your gut, your abdominal muscles shut down and your tummy pops out, making you look 7-months pregnant (in men, too!)
I'm sure you know the feeling. It's uncomfortable - often painful - and embarrassing. It saps your confidence and makes you want to hide.
Start by chucking out gluten, soy and cow's milk. You will be amazed at the results.
STEP TWO - Remove Bad Bugs from Your Gut!
Sometimes, even removing the bad foods foods doesn't work. Why?
Well you may have "bad bugs" living in your gut, and when you eat food, these bad bugs have a party. Many of them ferment the foods you eat, making your gut fizzy, gassy and bloated.
Bacteria like H. pylori (which I had), C. difficile, E. coli, Salmonella and other usual suspects, yeast and fungi such as Candida and parasites of all sizes, shapes and colours can be real nuisances.
These little critters set your gut on fire, they eat your food and make your tummy extend out like a balloon.
To find out which bad bugs are lurking in your stomach and intestine, you have to run a stool test. The ones given my standard doctors aren't that good. Get a test from a reputable specialty laboratory. There are 3 or 4 very good ones and they have distributors worldwide.
STEP THREE - Replace the Good Stuff!
If you don't have enough stomach acid or digestive enzymes, you won't digest your food properly. The bad bugs love this - the less you digest, the more there is for them to eat and that can only mean three things: inflammation, gas and bloating.
Can you find out whether you have low acid and enzyme levels? Absolutely - a good stool test will give you this info, as well as finding the bad bugs.
"Good bugs" (also known as "predominant bacteria" or "probiotics") are also really important - they keep the bad bugs away, support digestion, cut down inflammation and generally keep your gut healthy. The latest research suggests they may even affect emotional function!
If your good bugs have been knocked out by antibiotic treatments, drinking alcohol or eating a poor quality diet, their absence can allow bad bugs in, stop you digesting food, and make your tummy explode.
A good stool test will also tell you about your "good bug" population!
SUMMARY
Getting rid of your bloating and achieving that flat tummy you've always wanted has as much to do with your inside health as it does your outside appearance.
You can do all the crunches and abdominal exercises you want, but if your gut is inflamed and gassy, it will continue to pop out and cause you discomfort and embarrassment.
Take 90-days out of your life and implement the three steps I've taught you here. It's worth it.
Digestive Health Expert Dave Hompes makes it easy for people to
beat Helicobacter Pylori, bloating, heartburn, ulcers & digestive
pain. You can download the first three chapters of his eBook The H
Pylori Diet absolutely free by visiting:
http://www.h-pylori-symptoms.com/h-pylori-symptoms
Article Source:
http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Dave_Hompes
http://www.h-pylori-symptoms.com/h-pylori-symptoms
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/7833967
Thursday, 27 June 2013
Wrist Injuries and Treatments
By
Dr Wayne Weil
Wrist Sprains
The most common sporting injury to the wrist is a wrist sprain. There are many ligaments in the wrist that can be torn or stretched, resulting in a sprained wrist. This commonly occurs when the wrist is bent forcefully or in a fall onto an outstretched hand. Sprains to the wrist can range from mild to severe and are graded depending upon the degree of ligament injury that exists.
Grade 1 - mild sprain where the ligaments are stretched but not torn
Grade 2 - moderate sprain where the ligaments are partially torn
Grade 3 - severe sprains that occur when there is significant complete tearing of ligaments
With grade 1 sprains, there is some mild discomfort and decreased range of motion. With grade 2 sprains there is more serious loss of function. Grade 3 sprains result when the ligament tears away from the bone and require surgical treatment. Many times this tearing leads to a small chip of the bone being torn away with the ligament. This is known as an avulsion fracture.
The most common symptoms of a wrist sprain include:
Swelling of the wrist
Bruising or discoloration of the skin around the wrist
Pain at the time of the injury
A feeling of popping or tearing inside the wrist
Persistent pain when you move your wrist
Tenderness at the injury site
A warm or feverish feeling to the skin around the wrist
Most sprains can be treated with immobilization and rest. However, your orthopedic specialist may have to perform surgery to correct your wrist injury. This all depends on the severity of the sprain and intensity of the torn ligament. Surgery involves reconnecting the ligament to the bone. This procedure is followed by a period of rehabilitation with exercises to strengthen your wrist and restore motion. Although the ligament can be expected to heal in 6 to 8 weeks, rehabilitation for a full recovery could take several months.
Other Injuries of the Wrist
Tendinosis - This is a syndrome that involves a series of very small tears (called microtears) in the tissue in and around the tendon. Common symptoms are pain, tenderness, decreased strength of the wrist, and limited movement.
De Quervain's Tendonitis - This can occur in the hand and wrist when the thumb extensor tendons and the sheath covering these tendons swells and becomes inflamed. This leads to pain, tenderness, and decrease in motion of the wrist.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome - This is caused by pressure on the median nerve in the wrist. The symptoms of this syndrome include numbness, tingling, weakness, and pain in the fingers, hand and wrist areas.
Colles' Fracture - This type of fracture is a break across the radius that occurs when the hand is extended out during a fall. The break occurs causing the wrist to become shortened and extended. Teens that enjoy outdoor sporting activities often develop these types of fractures because falls often occur.
Symptoms of a Colles' fracture include inability to straighten the wrist or to hold heavy objects, distortion in the shape or angle of the forearm above the wrist, and pain and swelling of the injured area. Many of these fractures are not severe and you can be placed in a splint and sling. Sometimes, the orthopedic specialist applies a fiberglass cast. More severe fractures may require surgery including placement of pins or plates and screws. Recovery from this injury ranges from 6 weeks to 6 months depending on the severity of the fracture.
The most common sporting injury to the wrist is a wrist sprain. There are many ligaments in the wrist that can be torn or stretched, resulting in a sprained wrist. This commonly occurs when the wrist is bent forcefully or in a fall onto an outstretched hand. Sprains to the wrist can range from mild to severe and are graded depending upon the degree of ligament injury that exists.
Grade 1 - mild sprain where the ligaments are stretched but not torn
Grade 2 - moderate sprain where the ligaments are partially torn
Grade 3 - severe sprains that occur when there is significant complete tearing of ligaments
With grade 1 sprains, there is some mild discomfort and decreased range of motion. With grade 2 sprains there is more serious loss of function. Grade 3 sprains result when the ligament tears away from the bone and require surgical treatment. Many times this tearing leads to a small chip of the bone being torn away with the ligament. This is known as an avulsion fracture.
The most common symptoms of a wrist sprain include:
Swelling of the wrist
Bruising or discoloration of the skin around the wrist
Pain at the time of the injury
A feeling of popping or tearing inside the wrist
Persistent pain when you move your wrist
Tenderness at the injury site
A warm or feverish feeling to the skin around the wrist
Most sprains can be treated with immobilization and rest. However, your orthopedic specialist may have to perform surgery to correct your wrist injury. This all depends on the severity of the sprain and intensity of the torn ligament. Surgery involves reconnecting the ligament to the bone. This procedure is followed by a period of rehabilitation with exercises to strengthen your wrist and restore motion. Although the ligament can be expected to heal in 6 to 8 weeks, rehabilitation for a full recovery could take several months.
Other Injuries of the Wrist
Tendinosis - This is a syndrome that involves a series of very small tears (called microtears) in the tissue in and around the tendon. Common symptoms are pain, tenderness, decreased strength of the wrist, and limited movement.
De Quervain's Tendonitis - This can occur in the hand and wrist when the thumb extensor tendons and the sheath covering these tendons swells and becomes inflamed. This leads to pain, tenderness, and decrease in motion of the wrist.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome - This is caused by pressure on the median nerve in the wrist. The symptoms of this syndrome include numbness, tingling, weakness, and pain in the fingers, hand and wrist areas.
Colles' Fracture - This type of fracture is a break across the radius that occurs when the hand is extended out during a fall. The break occurs causing the wrist to become shortened and extended. Teens that enjoy outdoor sporting activities often develop these types of fractures because falls often occur.
Symptoms of a Colles' fracture include inability to straighten the wrist or to hold heavy objects, distortion in the shape or angle of the forearm above the wrist, and pain and swelling of the injured area. Many of these fractures are not severe and you can be placed in a splint and sling. Sometimes, the orthopedic specialist applies a fiberglass cast. More severe fractures may require surgery including placement of pins or plates and screws. Recovery from this injury ranges from 6 weeks to 6 months depending on the severity of the fracture.
Visit Dr. Weil's website to learn more about the procedures he
offers, including treatments for carpal tunnel and trigger finger
release.
http://handandelbowsurgery.com/
Article Source:
http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Dr_Wayne_Weil
http://handandelbowsurgery.com/
Make Pain in the Back An Extinction With These Idea
By
Jon J Nestor
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/7818308
Many a times back pains are induced by back injuries. This could
occur from sporting activities, work, and an auto crash or really
anything that you are doing that places stress on your spine. Below are
some suggestions concerning back pain to help you get on the road to
getting well.
Use over the counter painkillers, such as ibuprofen and acetaminophen, to lessen pain in your back. Taking oral discomfort medicines can allow you to work generally while experiencing back pains. Be sure to comply with the guidelines for good and quick results.
It is important to make sure you're keeping an appropriate weight. If you're obese, more especially if that weight concentrates in your top physique, you'll be placing a lot more stress on your spine. By keeping a required amount of weight, you'll be sure of not placing way too much tension on your spine.
Consider switching your most frequent chair into an ergonomic. There are several ergonomically created chairs presently that are made for those that are sitting at a desk or resting up all day. These chairs enable you to sit at a better position giving you the comfort you need to avoid much strain on your spine.
To prevent injuring your spine while working out, always have a rest immediately after your exercise. Many people only set aside enough time to do their actual exercise. Nonetheless, working out for some hours and not considering setting aside sometime to have a rest will be straining your spine. You only need a few minutes after the actual workout to remove tension that is already in the body.
You must be careful when raising things. When raising a nursing child it is also good to be careful to avoid back injuries.. A lot of parents hurt their backs when taking care of their little babies. Likewise, many new moms stress their spines while nursing. Pain from these traumas is quickly created when lifting your babies from your knees up to old them closer to your hearts.
If you are experience back pain, first try warming and icing your spine. In the very first a couple of days of back pain, you need to place ice on it to minimize the swelling. After the first three days of icing your back, use warm to release and unwind your muscles.
To stop getting back pain, you should make sure that you exercise regularly. This will assist raise and reinforce muscular tissues in your spine. You simply have to avoid lifting weights that are heavy and also you are avoiding anything that can injure your back.
Just as there are many causes of back pains there are a lot of remedies that you can take to be free of the pains. You can try to treat your back a home by attempting some of the methods of treating back pains. Be sure of stopping immediately when the pain persists while trying to heal your pain.
Use over the counter painkillers, such as ibuprofen and acetaminophen, to lessen pain in your back. Taking oral discomfort medicines can allow you to work generally while experiencing back pains. Be sure to comply with the guidelines for good and quick results.
It is important to make sure you're keeping an appropriate weight. If you're obese, more especially if that weight concentrates in your top physique, you'll be placing a lot more stress on your spine. By keeping a required amount of weight, you'll be sure of not placing way too much tension on your spine.
Consider switching your most frequent chair into an ergonomic. There are several ergonomically created chairs presently that are made for those that are sitting at a desk or resting up all day. These chairs enable you to sit at a better position giving you the comfort you need to avoid much strain on your spine.
To prevent injuring your spine while working out, always have a rest immediately after your exercise. Many people only set aside enough time to do their actual exercise. Nonetheless, working out for some hours and not considering setting aside sometime to have a rest will be straining your spine. You only need a few minutes after the actual workout to remove tension that is already in the body.
You must be careful when raising things. When raising a nursing child it is also good to be careful to avoid back injuries.. A lot of parents hurt their backs when taking care of their little babies. Likewise, many new moms stress their spines while nursing. Pain from these traumas is quickly created when lifting your babies from your knees up to old them closer to your hearts.
If you are experience back pain, first try warming and icing your spine. In the very first a couple of days of back pain, you need to place ice on it to minimize the swelling. After the first three days of icing your back, use warm to release and unwind your muscles.
To stop getting back pain, you should make sure that you exercise regularly. This will assist raise and reinforce muscular tissues in your spine. You simply have to avoid lifting weights that are heavy and also you are avoiding anything that can injure your back.
Just as there are many causes of back pains there are a lot of remedies that you can take to be free of the pains. You can try to treat your back a home by attempting some of the methods of treating back pains. Be sure of stopping immediately when the pain persists while trying to heal your pain.
If you are in Mississauga and is actively looking for a Mississauga Chiropractor, you can visit The Chiropractic Office and learn more about Back Pain and other Chiropractic procedures.
Article Source:
http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Jon_J_Nestor
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/7818308
5 Foods That Boost Metabolism
By
Alecia James
It was in February of 2011 that I made the life-changing decision
to revamp my diet. This was in conjunction with my decision to start
working out so I could achieve those coveted muscles that I longingly
sought. Growing up, I was always considered super-skinny
I could eat just about anything, without gaining a single pound. So much for my fast metabolism. With this, came many misconceptions. I thought that because there was no weight gain, it meant that my body was free from all medical afflictions; this couldn't be further away from the truth-"You are what you eat." My goal was to adopt a more wholesome approach to healthy living, by gradually eliminating certain foods. With the help of online resources, and apps like "Fooducate," I channeled my inner Sherlock Holmes by scanning every food label for harmful ingredients. Revamping my diet meant making critical changes for which my entire being would be eternally grateful. Candy was out, fruits were in. I swapped sugary drinks and soda for water. My body cheered with delight and thanked me even more. The likes of MacDonald's, Burger King, KFC and Popeye's soon became a thing of the past.
Thus began my quest for healthier and more wholesome foods. I was faced with buzz words like "sugar-free," "fat-free," "low-carb," and "no-carb," which continue to inundate food labels, our television screens and just about every nook and cranny where food is displayed. With so many choices presented to us, how do we navigate this conundrum to ensure wise selections, and that we are not falling victims to false advertisements or unsubstantiated claims?
It's really not difficult if we were to take it back to the basics. Let's go back to the days when food was natural and unadulterated. My search for healthier living, ironically led me to simplicity. There are many foods, sans additives, trans-fats and preservatives, which when eaten will endow your body with perpetual bliss. What's great about this is that these foods are accessible, affordable, and beneficial all at the same time. Are they on your plate?
1. Avocado
Touted as nature's butter, it's unique essence and creamy texture infuses just the right amount of zest to any dish. They are also power-houses of vital nutrients. Avocados are rich in carotenoids such as lutein, beta-carotene and alpha-carotene. Carotenoids are compounds that contribute to the pigmentation in most fruits and vegetables. They help to protect the cells against the damaging effect of free radicals, enhance immune system functioning, and are a good source of Vitamin A. Oleic acid is a monounsaturated acid found in avocado in high amounts that helps to lower the risk of heart disease. Not only is avocado rich in heart healthy fats, it is a source of 18 essential amino acids making it an excellent protein choice for non-consumers of animal protein. The unique combination of nutrients found in this creamy goodness also endows powerful ant-inflammatory properties.
2. Nuts
Cashews, peanuts, almonds, pistachios, walnuts, and pecans... Nuts can never be too much for me. Perhaps I have some amount of squirrel DNA, but I can eat unlimited quantities. Eat them raw or roasted, salted or unsalted. Another power-food containing high amounts of heart-healthy fats and are a good protein source. They contain antioxidants such as carotenes, resveratrol, and lutein which help to protect against cancer and heart disease. Other notable properties are the presence of Vitamin E and Vitamin B. Vitamin E is a fat soluble antioxidant that protects the cells against the harmful effect of free radicals, and Vitamin B is essential for cellular processes. Finally it is an excellent source of omega-3 fatty acids. These fatty acids stupendously reduce triglyceride levels and boost heart health. Awesome taste, great benefits, another win-win.
3. Kale
As a child, we were forced to eat them. We cried because we couldn't bear the taste, and surreptitiously tossed them out when no one was watching. I'm referring to the "green stuff"- vegetables. My idea of vegetables were lettuce, carrots, or cabbage, which also have their share of health benefits. However, these days if you're not toting a bottle of thick green hulk-like liquid, then you're so 2012. Kale is a vegetable; it is great in salads and is also a fixture in many green smoothies you see now. The main benefit lies in its powerful antioxidant properties. It packs flavonoids such as beta carotene, lutein and zaexanthin. (By now you'll be able to recite the definition of "antioxidant" in your sleep.) The fiber found in this veggie supports our digestive health, yet another reason to make room on your plate. But it doesn't stop here. This super food is rich in Vitamins and Minerals. There's Vitamin A for vision support, healthy mucus membranes, and skin. It contains Vitamin C, which boosts the immune system, and Vitamin K for bone health. You'll also add some minerals to your body when you consume this veggie: iron, calcium, and potassium. Potassium is an important component of cells and body fluids. It also controls hear rate and blood pressure. You'll never have to force me to eat my veggies anymore.
4. Berries
I grew up eating fruits and my love has only intensified. Eat as is, no special preparation required. That is as good as it gets. Berries are rich in fiber, minerals, antioxidants, and vitamins such as Vitamin A and C. Vitamin C boosts the immune system and helps to prevent heart disease and stroke. Vitamin A is essential for your vision. Another vital function is that berries help to fight urinary tract infection... drink up your cranberry juice. Anthocyanidins are phytochemicals found in berries that enhance brain function and boost memory.
5. Salmon
Packed with heart healthy fats such as omega-3 fatty acids, this power-food decreases the risk of cardiovascular related problems such as high blood pressure and stroke. It is also believed to lower the risk for certain cancers like breast cancer, colorectal cancer and prostate cancer. Other benefits include a decreased risk of eye disorders like macular degeneration. Salmon also has selenium which lowers the risk of joint inflammation. It is high in protein for those concerned with achieving those coveted muscles. A 4 oz serving of salmon is enough to satisfy a full day's Vitamin D requirement.
These are just some of the many power-foods that are affordable, accessible, and exceptionally beneficial. Make room on your plate for them. Why go for "processed" when you can enjoy the awesome benefits of natural foods? Nature loved us and blessed us with these delectable goodies. Let's show our gratitude by enjoying these gifts that Mother Earth bestowed.
I could eat just about anything, without gaining a single pound. So much for my fast metabolism. With this, came many misconceptions. I thought that because there was no weight gain, it meant that my body was free from all medical afflictions; this couldn't be further away from the truth-"You are what you eat." My goal was to adopt a more wholesome approach to healthy living, by gradually eliminating certain foods. With the help of online resources, and apps like "Fooducate," I channeled my inner Sherlock Holmes by scanning every food label for harmful ingredients. Revamping my diet meant making critical changes for which my entire being would be eternally grateful. Candy was out, fruits were in. I swapped sugary drinks and soda for water. My body cheered with delight and thanked me even more. The likes of MacDonald's, Burger King, KFC and Popeye's soon became a thing of the past.
Thus began my quest for healthier and more wholesome foods. I was faced with buzz words like "sugar-free," "fat-free," "low-carb," and "no-carb," which continue to inundate food labels, our television screens and just about every nook and cranny where food is displayed. With so many choices presented to us, how do we navigate this conundrum to ensure wise selections, and that we are not falling victims to false advertisements or unsubstantiated claims?
It's really not difficult if we were to take it back to the basics. Let's go back to the days when food was natural and unadulterated. My search for healthier living, ironically led me to simplicity. There are many foods, sans additives, trans-fats and preservatives, which when eaten will endow your body with perpetual bliss. What's great about this is that these foods are accessible, affordable, and beneficial all at the same time. Are they on your plate?
1. Avocado
Touted as nature's butter, it's unique essence and creamy texture infuses just the right amount of zest to any dish. They are also power-houses of vital nutrients. Avocados are rich in carotenoids such as lutein, beta-carotene and alpha-carotene. Carotenoids are compounds that contribute to the pigmentation in most fruits and vegetables. They help to protect the cells against the damaging effect of free radicals, enhance immune system functioning, and are a good source of Vitamin A. Oleic acid is a monounsaturated acid found in avocado in high amounts that helps to lower the risk of heart disease. Not only is avocado rich in heart healthy fats, it is a source of 18 essential amino acids making it an excellent protein choice for non-consumers of animal protein. The unique combination of nutrients found in this creamy goodness also endows powerful ant-inflammatory properties.
2. Nuts
Cashews, peanuts, almonds, pistachios, walnuts, and pecans... Nuts can never be too much for me. Perhaps I have some amount of squirrel DNA, but I can eat unlimited quantities. Eat them raw or roasted, salted or unsalted. Another power-food containing high amounts of heart-healthy fats and are a good protein source. They contain antioxidants such as carotenes, resveratrol, and lutein which help to protect against cancer and heart disease. Other notable properties are the presence of Vitamin E and Vitamin B. Vitamin E is a fat soluble antioxidant that protects the cells against the harmful effect of free radicals, and Vitamin B is essential for cellular processes. Finally it is an excellent source of omega-3 fatty acids. These fatty acids stupendously reduce triglyceride levels and boost heart health. Awesome taste, great benefits, another win-win.
3. Kale
As a child, we were forced to eat them. We cried because we couldn't bear the taste, and surreptitiously tossed them out when no one was watching. I'm referring to the "green stuff"- vegetables. My idea of vegetables were lettuce, carrots, or cabbage, which also have their share of health benefits. However, these days if you're not toting a bottle of thick green hulk-like liquid, then you're so 2012. Kale is a vegetable; it is great in salads and is also a fixture in many green smoothies you see now. The main benefit lies in its powerful antioxidant properties. It packs flavonoids such as beta carotene, lutein and zaexanthin. (By now you'll be able to recite the definition of "antioxidant" in your sleep.) The fiber found in this veggie supports our digestive health, yet another reason to make room on your plate. But it doesn't stop here. This super food is rich in Vitamins and Minerals. There's Vitamin A for vision support, healthy mucus membranes, and skin. It contains Vitamin C, which boosts the immune system, and Vitamin K for bone health. You'll also add some minerals to your body when you consume this veggie: iron, calcium, and potassium. Potassium is an important component of cells and body fluids. It also controls hear rate and blood pressure. You'll never have to force me to eat my veggies anymore.
4. Berries
I grew up eating fruits and my love has only intensified. Eat as is, no special preparation required. That is as good as it gets. Berries are rich in fiber, minerals, antioxidants, and vitamins such as Vitamin A and C. Vitamin C boosts the immune system and helps to prevent heart disease and stroke. Vitamin A is essential for your vision. Another vital function is that berries help to fight urinary tract infection... drink up your cranberry juice. Anthocyanidins are phytochemicals found in berries that enhance brain function and boost memory.
5. Salmon
Packed with heart healthy fats such as omega-3 fatty acids, this power-food decreases the risk of cardiovascular related problems such as high blood pressure and stroke. It is also believed to lower the risk for certain cancers like breast cancer, colorectal cancer and prostate cancer. Other benefits include a decreased risk of eye disorders like macular degeneration. Salmon also has selenium which lowers the risk of joint inflammation. It is high in protein for those concerned with achieving those coveted muscles. A 4 oz serving of salmon is enough to satisfy a full day's Vitamin D requirement.
These are just some of the many power-foods that are affordable, accessible, and exceptionally beneficial. Make room on your plate for them. Why go for "processed" when you can enjoy the awesome benefits of natural foods? Nature loved us and blessed us with these delectable goodies. Let's show our gratitude by enjoying these gifts that Mother Earth bestowed.
Alecia James is the Founder and Editor-in-Chief of http://creativeajay.com.
CreativeAjay.com is a lifestyle magazine that is focused on health and
wellness, beauty, makeup artistry, fashion, and natural hair. Connect
with us: http://Facebook.com/thecreativeajay
Article Source:
http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Alecia_James
Tuesday, 25 June 2013
HEART ATTACKS AND WATER!!!!!!
HEART ATTACKS AND WATER !
How many folks do you know who say they don't want to drink anything before going to bed because they'll have to get up during the night.
Heart Attack and Water - I never knew all of this ! Interesting.......
Something else I didn't know ... I asked my Doctor why people need to urinate so much at night time. Answer from my Cardiac Doctor - Gravity holds water in the lower part of your body when you are upright (legs swell). When you lie down and the lower body (legs and etc) seeks level with the kidneys, it is then that the kidneys remove the water because it is easier. This then ties in with the last statement!
I knew you need your minimum water to help flush the toxins out of your body, but this was news to me. Correct time to drink water...
Very Important. From A Cardiac Specialist!
Drinking water at a certain time maximizes its effectiveness on the body
2 glasses of water after waking up - helps activate internal organs
1 glass of water 30 minutes before a meal - helps digestion
1 glass of water before taking a bath - helps lower blood pressure
1 glass of water before going to bed - avoids stroke or heart attack
I can also add to this... My Physician told me that water at bed time will also help prevent night time leg cramps. Your leg muscles are seeking hydration when they cramp and wake you up with a Charlie Horse.
Mayo Clinic Aspirin Dr. Virend Somers, is a Cardiologist from the Mayo Clinic, who is lead author of the report in the July 29, 2008 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
Most heart attacks occur in the day, generally between 6 A.M. and noon. Having one during the night, when the heart should be most at rest, means that something unusual happened. Somers and his colleagues have been working for a decade to show that sleep apnea is to blame.
1. If you take an aspirin or a baby aspirin once a day, take it at night.
The reason: Aspirin has a 24-hour "half-life"; therefore, if most heart attacks happen in the wee hours of the morning, the Aspirin would be strongest in your system.
2. FYI, Aspirin lasts a really long time in your medicine chest, for years, (when it gets old, it smells like vinegar).
Please read on...
Something that we can do to help ourselves - nice to know. Bayer is making crystal aspirin to dissolve instantly on the tongue.
They work much faster than the tablets.
Why keep Aspirin by your bedside? It's about Heart Attacks.
There are other symptoms of a heart attack, besides the pain on the left arm. One must also be aware of an intense pain on the chin, as well as nausea and lots of sweating; however, these symptoms may also occur less frequently.
Note: There may be NO pain in the chest during a heart attack.
The majority of people (about 60%) who had a heart attack during their sleep did not wake up. However, if it occurs, the chest pain may wake you up from your deep sleep.
If that happens, immediately dissolve two aspirins in your mouth and swallow them with a bit of water.
Afterwards: - Call 911. - Phone a neighbor or a family member who lives very close by.- Say "heart attack!" - Say that you have taken 2 Aspirins.
Take a seat on a chair or sofa near the front door, and wait for their arrival and ...DO NOT LIE DOWN!
A Cardiologist has stated that if each person after receiving this e-mail, sends it to 10 people, probably one life could be saved!
I have already shared this information. What about you?
share your views on this please. It may save lives!
"Life is a one time gift"
Sunday, 23 June 2013
Entrapment of Medial Calcaneal Nerve
Posted by
satyajit mohanty
Peripheral nerve entrapment is a rare, but important, cause of foot and ankle pain that often is underdiagnosed and mistreated. A peripheral nerve may become entrapped anywhere along its course, but certain anatomic locations are characteristic (2).
The medial calcaneal nerve (MCN)
The Tibial nerve is called the planter nerve in the sole. The tibial nerve passes to the sole of the foot takes a turn on the medial side of the calcaneum is called MCN. The medial calcaneal nerve arises from tibial nerve of the inner side of the ankle, perforates the laciniate ligament, travels downwards passing below the bony projection on the inner side of the ankle, and supplies the skin over the medial aspect of the heel. Hence it is the most important nerve for heel sensations. MCN have 2 branches. The anterior branch dominate the cutaneous sensation of the anterior part of the medial calcaneal and heel weight loading field, while the posterior branch dominate the sensation of the posterior and median part.
How entrapment occurs?
A nerve can become entrapped on its way through the tissue planes. Usually in case of entrapment, the nerve gets compressed between a static and a mobile surface. As the body moves, the nerve is subjected to repeated sliding or friction, leading to compression and trauma. This trauma may damage the outer sheath of the nerve that helps with signal transmission and cause other structural alterations that eventually lead to pain and loss of function.
Causes of MCN entrapment: The medial calcaneal nerve may become entrapped between the tight fascia at the origin of the abductor hallucis muscle and the heel bone (calcaneus). An excessive pronation of the foot may lead to medial calcaneal nerve entrapment. This can occur as a postoperative complication during the release of the lateral plantar nerve branch (4).
S/S of MCN entrapment:
Stages of nerve entrapment (2):Clinically, any nerve entrapment is divided into three stages.
Stage I: patients feel rest pain and intermittent paresthesias which are worse at night.
Stage II: continued nerve compression leads to paresthesias, numbness, and, occasionally, muscle weakness that does not disappear during the day.
Stage III: patients describe constant pain, muscle atrophy, and permanent sensory loss.
There is pain and parasthesia (burning or tingling) in the areas supplied by the nerve, that is below the inner bony projection of the ankle and under the heel. The pain usually initiates on the inside of the heel and travels towards the center. Any activity may further aggravate the pain.
When the medial calcaneal nerve is trapped the Tinel’s sign is positive. This test is performed by lightly tapping the skin over the nerve, which leads to tingling in the area supplied by the nerve.
Medial calcaneal nerve entrapment should not be confused with other causes of heel pain, such as plantar fasciitis and tarsal tunnel syndrome. Accurate diagnosis is important to achieve the desired results.
Palpation of MCN:
A thorough understanding of the causes of peripheral nerve entrapment, the anatomic course and variation of the peripheral nerves, the diagnostic modalities, and the treatment options can simplify this complex problem (2).
According to Tang et al anatomical position of MCN is relatively constant with 95% accuracy, MCN can be palpated at the following site:
MCNs arises from the tibial nerve at 3.3 cm up the horizontal plane of the tip of medial malleolus. They sent out anterior branches and posterior branches from 0.3 cm below the horizontal plane of the tip of medial malleolus on average.
Physical Testing:
Although diagnostic confusion abounds because of the multiple etiologies of peripheral nerve entrapments and their complex physical and temporal relation David Butler’s neural tension testing is very important to assess the reduced mobility of the nerve within the tissue plane.
Electrophysiological testing:
Electrodiagnosis is a powerful tool for evaluating lower extremity disorders that stem from the peripheral nervous system. Electrodiagnostic testing can help differentiate neurogenic versus non-neurogenic causes of complaints such as pain, weakness, and paresthesias. It can help practitioners pinpoint the anatomic location and reveal the underlying pathology in peripheral nerve lesions.
Treatment:
The first line of treatment includes rest and supportive therapies. Avoid activities that lead to pain; immobilization may also help. Use cold compresses and anti-inflammatory painkillers to reduce the symptoms. Massage or ultrasound therapy is also useful.
If rest and conservative treatment fail to eradicate the symptoms, surgical decompression of the nerve may be required. Surgical treatment usually produces good results.
Author’s comment:
Try Butler’s nerve gliding exercises & Neurodynamic techniques. I have personally tried alternative digital compression-relaxation at the site where the nerve takes a sharp angulation at heel with varied success rates but it is worth trying.
References:
1. Tang J et al; Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2010 Apr;35(4):386-9. (Anatomic characteristics and clinic significance of the medial calcaneal nerve).
[Article in Chinese]
2. Hirose CB et al; Foot Ankle Clin. 2004 Jun;9(2):255-69. (Peripheral nerve entrapments).
3. Roy PC; Foot Ankle Clin. 2011 Jun;16(2):225-42. (Electrodiagnostic evaluation of lower extremity neurogenic problems).
4. http://docpods.com/medial-calcaneal-nerve-entrapment
Peripheral nerve entrapment is a rare, but important, cause of foot and ankle pain that often is underdiagnosed and mistreated. A peripheral nerve may become entrapped anywhere along its course, but certain anatomic locations are characteristic (2).
The medial calcaneal nerve (MCN)
The Tibial nerve is called the planter nerve in the sole. The tibial nerve passes to the sole of the foot takes a turn on the medial side of the calcaneum is called MCN. The medial calcaneal nerve arises from tibial nerve of the inner side of the ankle, perforates the laciniate ligament, travels downwards passing below the bony projection on the inner side of the ankle, and supplies the skin over the medial aspect of the heel. Hence it is the most important nerve for heel sensations. MCN have 2 branches. The anterior branch dominate the cutaneous sensation of the anterior part of the medial calcaneal and heel weight loading field, while the posterior branch dominate the sensation of the posterior and median part.
How entrapment occurs?
A nerve can become entrapped on its way through the tissue planes. Usually in case of entrapment, the nerve gets compressed between a static and a mobile surface. As the body moves, the nerve is subjected to repeated sliding or friction, leading to compression and trauma. This trauma may damage the outer sheath of the nerve that helps with signal transmission and cause other structural alterations that eventually lead to pain and loss of function.
Causes of MCN entrapment: The medial calcaneal nerve may become entrapped between the tight fascia at the origin of the abductor hallucis muscle and the heel bone (calcaneus). An excessive pronation of the foot may lead to medial calcaneal nerve entrapment. This can occur as a postoperative complication during the release of the lateral plantar nerve branch (4).
S/S of MCN entrapment:
Stages of nerve entrapment (2):Clinically, any nerve entrapment is divided into three stages.
Stage I: patients feel rest pain and intermittent paresthesias which are worse at night.
Stage II: continued nerve compression leads to paresthesias, numbness, and, occasionally, muscle weakness that does not disappear during the day.
Stage III: patients describe constant pain, muscle atrophy, and permanent sensory loss.
There is pain and parasthesia (burning or tingling) in the areas supplied by the nerve, that is below the inner bony projection of the ankle and under the heel. The pain usually initiates on the inside of the heel and travels towards the center. Any activity may further aggravate the pain.
When the medial calcaneal nerve is trapped the Tinel’s sign is positive. This test is performed by lightly tapping the skin over the nerve, which leads to tingling in the area supplied by the nerve.
Medial calcaneal nerve entrapment should not be confused with other causes of heel pain, such as plantar fasciitis and tarsal tunnel syndrome. Accurate diagnosis is important to achieve the desired results.
Palpation of MCN:
A thorough understanding of the causes of peripheral nerve entrapment, the anatomic course and variation of the peripheral nerves, the diagnostic modalities, and the treatment options can simplify this complex problem (2).
According to Tang et al anatomical position of MCN is relatively constant with 95% accuracy, MCN can be palpated at the following site:
MCNs arises from the tibial nerve at 3.3 cm up the horizontal plane of the tip of medial malleolus. They sent out anterior branches and posterior branches from 0.3 cm below the horizontal plane of the tip of medial malleolus on average.
Physical Testing:
Although diagnostic confusion abounds because of the multiple etiologies of peripheral nerve entrapments and their complex physical and temporal relation David Butler’s neural tension testing is very important to assess the reduced mobility of the nerve within the tissue plane.
Electrophysiological testing:
Electrodiagnosis is a powerful tool for evaluating lower extremity disorders that stem from the peripheral nervous system. Electrodiagnostic testing can help differentiate neurogenic versus non-neurogenic causes of complaints such as pain, weakness, and paresthesias. It can help practitioners pinpoint the anatomic location and reveal the underlying pathology in peripheral nerve lesions.
Treatment:
The first line of treatment includes rest and supportive therapies. Avoid activities that lead to pain; immobilization may also help. Use cold compresses and anti-inflammatory painkillers to reduce the symptoms. Massage or ultrasound therapy is also useful.
If rest and conservative treatment fail to eradicate the symptoms, surgical decompression of the nerve may be required. Surgical treatment usually produces good results.
Author’s comment:
Try Butler’s nerve gliding exercises & Neurodynamic techniques. I have personally tried alternative digital compression-relaxation at the site where the nerve takes a sharp angulation at heel with varied success rates but it is worth trying.
References:
1. Tang J et al; Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2010 Apr;35(4):386-9. (Anatomic characteristics and clinic significance of the medial calcaneal nerve).
[Article in Chinese]
2. Hirose CB et al; Foot Ankle Clin. 2004 Jun;9(2):255-69. (Peripheral nerve entrapments).
3. Roy PC; Foot Ankle Clin. 2011 Jun;16(2):225-42. (Electrodiagnostic evaluation of lower extremity neurogenic problems).
4. http://docpods.com/medial-calcaneal-nerve-entrapment
LASER therapy in physiotherapy
Posted by
satyajit mohanty
• Therapeutic Laser
• Low Level Laser Therapy
• Low Power Laser Therapy
• Low Level Laser
• Low Power Laser
• Low-energy Laser
• Soft Laser
• Low-reactive-level Laser
• Low-intensity-level Laser
• Photobiostimulation Laser
• Photobiomodulation Laser
• Mid-Laser
• Medical Laser
• Biostimulating Laser
• Bioregulating Laser
4 categories of lasers
– Crystal & Glass (solid - rod)
• Synthetic ruby & others (synthetic ensures purity)
– Gas (chamber) – 1961
• HeNe, argon, CO2, & others
– Semiconductor (diode - channel) - 1962
• Gallium Arsenide (GaAs under investigation)
– Liquid (Dye) - Organic dyes as lasing medium
– Chemical – extremely high powered, frequently used for military purposes
Types of laser:
Lasers are of 3 different type soft laser, mid laser, power laser. Soft lasers are used for dermatological purposes where depth of penetration is only superficial, Physiotherapy lasers are mid lasers where depth of penetration is from .5-2cm for class III lasers up to 10 cm in type IV lasers. Power lasers are destructive lasers used in different medical & dental surgery.
There are 4 different classes of laser i.e. Class I-IV. All 4 class are used in physiotherapy. However class I-III lasers are commonly used. Class IV physiotherapy & surgical lasers are not to be confused with each other.
Class of lasers:
Class I: Low power lasers
Class II: Power out put up to 1mW (400-700 nm wavelength).
Class IIIa: Power out put up to 5mW.
Class IIIb: Power out put up to 5-500mW.
Class IV: Power out put up to 500-7500mW.
* All lasers can cause eye damage except Class I laser. As the power increases the potential of causing eye damage is more.
* Class III lasers are also known as LLLT i.e. low level laser therapy.
* Class IV lasers are also known as high power laser therapy.
* High-power lasers (class IV) have power output of up to 7,500 mW; and supposedly offer more power, deeper penetration (can penetrate up to 10 cm instead of 0.5 to 2.0 cm for class III lasers) and a larger surface treatment area (cover up to 77 cm2 instead of 0.3 to 5.0 cm2 for class III lasers)
Modes of Laser:
Either it is continuous or Pulsed. In pulsed laser frequency is a key area for therapeutic efficiency.
Why red or IR lasers are used?
• Red light affects all cell types
– Absorbed by the mitochondrial present in all cells
– Cytochromes (respiratory chain enzymes) within the mitochondria have been identified as the primary biostimulation chromophores (primary light-absorbing molecules).
– Since enzymes are catalysts with the capability of processing thousands of substrate molecules, they provide amplification of initiation of a biological response with light.
• Infrared light is more selective absorbed by specific proteins in the cell membrane & affects permeability directly
Tissue response:
• Magnitude of tissue’s reaction are based on physical characteristics of:
– Output wavelength/frequency
– Density of power
– Duration of treatment
– Vascularity of target tissues
• Direct effect - occurs from absorption of photons
• Indirect effect – produced by chemical events caused by interaction of photons emitted from laser & the tissues
Patient & Laser parameters:
• Patient parameters
– Need medical history & proper diagnosis
• Diabetes – may alter clinical efficacy
– Medications
• Photosensitivity (antibiotics)
– Pigmentation
• Dark skin absorbs light energy better
Laser Parameters
– Wavelength
– Output power
– Average power
– Intensity
– Dosage
Laser Wavelength: This is measured in Nanometers (nm). Longer wavelength (lower frequency) imparts greater penetration. Wavelength is affected by power.
Laser output: It is measured in Watts or milliwatts (W or mW). It is important in categorizing laser for safety. It is not adjustable.
Power Density or Laser intensity: Beam diameter determines power density. Units of measurement is W or mW/cm2.It takes into consideration actual beam diameter. If light spread over lager area then there is there is lower power density.
Average Power: It is dependant on the mode of laser beam delivery i.e. Continuous or pulse-train (burst) frequency mode. Knowing average power is important in determining dosage with pulsed laser. If laser is continuous laser then avg. power = peak output power. If laser is pulsed (burst) then avg. power is = to peak output power multiplied by duty cycle (frequency).
DOSAGE: Laser dosage is amount of energy applied per unit area. It is measured in Joules/square cm (J/cm2). Joule is unit of energy &1 Joule = 1 W/sec. Dosage is dependent on:
– Output of laser in mW
– Time of exposure in seconds
– Beam surface area of laser in cm2
Various dosage ranges per site (1-9 J/cm2).
Recommended Dosage Range
– Therapeutic response = 0.001-10 J/cm2
– Minimal window threshold to elicit response
– Too much – suppressive effect
– Open wounds – 0.5-1.0 J/cm2
– Intact skin – 2.0-4.0 J/cm2
– Average treatment – 6 J /cm2
Different common lasers in physiotherapy:
1. Helium-Neon Lasers
• Uses a gas mixture in a pressurized tube
• Now available in semiconductor laser
• Emits red light
• Wavelength: 632.8 nm
• Power output: 1.0-25.0 mW
• Energy depth: 6-10 mm
• The higher the output of the lasers (even though they are still low power) lower the delivery time
2. Indium-Gallium-Aluminum-Phosphide Lasers
• InGaAip
• Replacing HeNe lasers
• Semiconductor
• Wavelength: 630-700 nm
• Power output: same as HeNe
• Energy depth: superficial wound care
3. Gallium ArsenideLasers
• Semiconductor - produces an infrared (invisible) laser
• Wavelength: 904–910 nm
• Power output: may produce up to 100 mW
• Energy depth: 30-50 mm
• Short pulse-train (burst) duration (100-200 ns)
4. Gallium Aluminum ArsenideLasers
• GaAIAs
• Semiconductor
• Wavelength: 780-890 nm
• Power Output: 30-100 mW (up to 1000 mW)
• Energy Depth: Very high more than the above said laser
Laser Application techniques:
• Gridding Technique
• Divide treatment areas into grids of square centimeters
• Scanning Technique
• No contact between laser tip in skin; tip is held 5-10 mm from wound
• Wanding Technique
• A grid area is bathed with the laser in an oscillating fashion; distance should be no farther than 1 cm from skin
• Point Application (On acupuncture point)
Treatment techniques for contact treatment:
Dosage is the most important variable in laser therapy & may be difficult to determine. However it may be simplified i.e. for general application, only treatment time & pulse rate vary. Usually there is a handheld applicator & tip should be in light contact with skin while laser is engaged for pre-calculated time. Maintain laser perpendicular to treatment surface. Put firm contact unless open wound. Clean area prior to treatment.
Always begin with minimal treatment and gradually increase (Better to underexpose than to overexpose). Check for pre/post-treatment changes. Ask the patient how they are doing prior to next treatment because you may have to adjust dosage.
Avoid direct exposure into eyes (If lasing for extended periods of time, safety glasses are recommended). May experience a syncope episode during treatment during chronic pain, but it is very rarely reported.
Application of heat & cold with LASER: If icing – use BEFORE phototherapy because it enhances light penetration. If using heat therapy – use AFTER phototherapy because it decreases light penetration.
Use of Laser therapy in different field of medicine
1. Vascular condition: Venous ulcer (Ref: M.E. Sugrue et al; Annals of Vascular Surgery, Volume 4, Issue 2 , Pages 179-181, March 1990). Results of this pilot study are encouraging. Raynaud's phenomenon is also treated by Laser therapy (Hirschl et al, 2004). Popularly pressure ulcers are treated by laser therapy in neurorehab words.
2. Neurological condition: Stroke (Ref: Int J Stroke. 2012 Feb 2. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-4949.2011.00754.x.). This study named transcranial laser therapy for acute ischemic stroke: a pooled analysis of NEST-1 and NEST-2, support the likelihood that transcranial laser therapy is effective for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke when initiated within 24 h of stroke onset. If ultimately confirmed, transcranial laser therapy will change management and improve outcomes of far more patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Similarly laser therapy is also reported to be beneficial in number of other neurological conditions both in animal & human subjects. Examples are closed-head traumatic brain injury (mice)( In mice it is reported that there is less neurological deficits in post-traumatic brain injury treated with laser for traumatic brain injury.), neurodegenerative diseases (humans) example Alzheimer’s disease.
3. ENT conditions: Tonsillitis (Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2006;(3):19-22. Russian.), Tinnitus (FrankW et al; GMS Health Technol Assess. 2006 Aug 30;2:Doc17).
4. Surgical conditions: Chronic wound healing, Kaviani and colleagues (2006) examined the effects of low level laser therapy (LLLT) in the treatment of post-mastectomy lymphedema & concluded that LLLT has encouraging results on this condition. LLLT can be used as a conservative therapy for arm lymphoedema secondary to breast cancer treatment (BC Cancer Agency; 2007). Mastodynia is also treated successfully. Lymphangitis is also reported to be treated successfully
5. Dental conditions: post-operative pain after endodontic surgery (Kreisler et al; 2004). Markovic and Todorovic (2007) found after lower third molar surgery laser therapy can be recommended to minimize swelling & oedema. TMJ conditions also show encouraging results.
6. Musculoskeletal conditions: Bursitis, Tendinitis, Ligament injuries, CTS, Neck pain, LBA, myofascial pain syndrome (MPS), Post exercise pain (to treat plyometric induced pain), planter heel pain(Crawford and Thomson, 2003; Landorf and Menz, 2007).
7. Rheumatological conditions: RA (most studied) other rheumatologic pain
8. Other conditions: After effects of tuberculosis, Smoking cessation, Dysmenorrhea etc.
LASER therapy in physiotherapy
Synonyms:• Therapeutic Laser
• Low Level Laser Therapy
• Low Power Laser Therapy
• Low Level Laser
• Low Power Laser
• Low-energy Laser
• Soft Laser
• Low-reactive-level Laser
• Low-intensity-level Laser
• Photobiostimulation Laser
• Photobiomodulation Laser
• Mid-Laser
• Medical Laser
• Biostimulating Laser
• Bioregulating Laser
4 categories of lasers
– Crystal & Glass (solid - rod)
• Synthetic ruby & others (synthetic ensures purity)
– Gas (chamber) – 1961
• HeNe, argon, CO2, & others
– Semiconductor (diode - channel) - 1962
• Gallium Arsenide (GaAs under investigation)
– Liquid (Dye) - Organic dyes as lasing medium
– Chemical – extremely high powered, frequently used for military purposes
Types of laser:
Lasers are of 3 different type soft laser, mid laser, power laser. Soft lasers are used for dermatological purposes where depth of penetration is only superficial, Physiotherapy lasers are mid lasers where depth of penetration is from .5-2cm for class III lasers up to 10 cm in type IV lasers. Power lasers are destructive lasers used in different medical & dental surgery.
There are 4 different classes of laser i.e. Class I-IV. All 4 class are used in physiotherapy. However class I-III lasers are commonly used. Class IV physiotherapy & surgical lasers are not to be confused with each other.
Class of lasers:
Class I: Low power lasers
Class II: Power out put up to 1mW (400-700 nm wavelength).
Class IIIa: Power out put up to 5mW.
Class IIIb: Power out put up to 5-500mW.
Class IV: Power out put up to 500-7500mW.
* All lasers can cause eye damage except Class I laser. As the power increases the potential of causing eye damage is more.
* Class III lasers are also known as LLLT i.e. low level laser therapy.
* Class IV lasers are also known as high power laser therapy.
* High-power lasers (class IV) have power output of up to 7,500 mW; and supposedly offer more power, deeper penetration (can penetrate up to 10 cm instead of 0.5 to 2.0 cm for class III lasers) and a larger surface treatment area (cover up to 77 cm2 instead of 0.3 to 5.0 cm2 for class III lasers)
Modes of Laser:
Either it is continuous or Pulsed. In pulsed laser frequency is a key area for therapeutic efficiency.
Why red or IR lasers are used?
• Red light affects all cell types
– Absorbed by the mitochondrial present in all cells
– Cytochromes (respiratory chain enzymes) within the mitochondria have been identified as the primary biostimulation chromophores (primary light-absorbing molecules).
– Since enzymes are catalysts with the capability of processing thousands of substrate molecules, they provide amplification of initiation of a biological response with light.
• Infrared light is more selective absorbed by specific proteins in the cell membrane & affects permeability directly
Tissue response:
• Magnitude of tissue’s reaction are based on physical characteristics of:
– Output wavelength/frequency
– Density of power
– Duration of treatment
– Vascularity of target tissues
• Direct effect - occurs from absorption of photons
• Indirect effect – produced by chemical events caused by interaction of photons emitted from laser & the tissues
Patient & Laser parameters:
• Patient parameters
– Need medical history & proper diagnosis
• Diabetes – may alter clinical efficacy
– Medications
• Photosensitivity (antibiotics)
– Pigmentation
• Dark skin absorbs light energy better
Laser Parameters
– Wavelength
– Output power
– Average power
– Intensity
– Dosage
Laser Wavelength: This is measured in Nanometers (nm). Longer wavelength (lower frequency) imparts greater penetration. Wavelength is affected by power.
Laser output: It is measured in Watts or milliwatts (W or mW). It is important in categorizing laser for safety. It is not adjustable.
Power Density or Laser intensity: Beam diameter determines power density. Units of measurement is W or mW/cm2.It takes into consideration actual beam diameter. If light spread over lager area then there is there is lower power density.
Average Power: It is dependant on the mode of laser beam delivery i.e. Continuous or pulse-train (burst) frequency mode. Knowing average power is important in determining dosage with pulsed laser. If laser is continuous laser then avg. power = peak output power. If laser is pulsed (burst) then avg. power is = to peak output power multiplied by duty cycle (frequency).
DOSAGE: Laser dosage is amount of energy applied per unit area. It is measured in Joules/square cm (J/cm2). Joule is unit of energy &1 Joule = 1 W/sec. Dosage is dependent on:
– Output of laser in mW
– Time of exposure in seconds
– Beam surface area of laser in cm2
Various dosage ranges per site (1-9 J/cm2).
Recommended Dosage Range
– Therapeutic response = 0.001-10 J/cm2
– Minimal window threshold to elicit response
– Too much – suppressive effect
– Open wounds – 0.5-1.0 J/cm2
– Intact skin – 2.0-4.0 J/cm2
– Average treatment – 6 J /cm2
Different common lasers in physiotherapy:
1. Helium-Neon Lasers
• Uses a gas mixture in a pressurized tube
• Now available in semiconductor laser
• Emits red light
• Wavelength: 632.8 nm
• Power output: 1.0-25.0 mW
• Energy depth: 6-10 mm
• The higher the output of the lasers (even though they are still low power) lower the delivery time
2. Indium-Gallium-Aluminum-Phosphide Lasers
• InGaAip
• Replacing HeNe lasers
• Semiconductor
• Wavelength: 630-700 nm
• Power output: same as HeNe
• Energy depth: superficial wound care
3. Gallium ArsenideLasers
• Semiconductor - produces an infrared (invisible) laser
• Wavelength: 904–910 nm
• Power output: may produce up to 100 mW
• Energy depth: 30-50 mm
• Short pulse-train (burst) duration (100-200 ns)
4. Gallium Aluminum ArsenideLasers
• GaAIAs
• Semiconductor
• Wavelength: 780-890 nm
• Power Output: 30-100 mW (up to 1000 mW)
• Energy Depth: Very high more than the above said laser
Laser Application techniques:
• Gridding Technique
• Divide treatment areas into grids of square centimeters
• Scanning Technique
• No contact between laser tip in skin; tip is held 5-10 mm from wound
• Wanding Technique
• A grid area is bathed with the laser in an oscillating fashion; distance should be no farther than 1 cm from skin
• Point Application (On acupuncture point)
Treatment techniques for contact treatment:
Dosage is the most important variable in laser therapy & may be difficult to determine. However it may be simplified i.e. for general application, only treatment time & pulse rate vary. Usually there is a handheld applicator & tip should be in light contact with skin while laser is engaged for pre-calculated time. Maintain laser perpendicular to treatment surface. Put firm contact unless open wound. Clean area prior to treatment.
Always begin with minimal treatment and gradually increase (Better to underexpose than to overexpose). Check for pre/post-treatment changes. Ask the patient how they are doing prior to next treatment because you may have to adjust dosage.
Avoid direct exposure into eyes (If lasing for extended periods of time, safety glasses are recommended). May experience a syncope episode during treatment during chronic pain, but it is very rarely reported.
Application of heat & cold with LASER: If icing – use BEFORE phototherapy because it enhances light penetration. If using heat therapy – use AFTER phototherapy because it decreases light penetration.
Use of Laser therapy in different field of medicine
1. Vascular condition: Venous ulcer (Ref: M.E. Sugrue et al; Annals of Vascular Surgery, Volume 4, Issue 2 , Pages 179-181, March 1990). Results of this pilot study are encouraging. Raynaud's phenomenon is also treated by Laser therapy (Hirschl et al, 2004). Popularly pressure ulcers are treated by laser therapy in neurorehab words.
2. Neurological condition: Stroke (Ref: Int J Stroke. 2012 Feb 2. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-4949.2011.00754.x.). This study named transcranial laser therapy for acute ischemic stroke: a pooled analysis of NEST-1 and NEST-2, support the likelihood that transcranial laser therapy is effective for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke when initiated within 24 h of stroke onset. If ultimately confirmed, transcranial laser therapy will change management and improve outcomes of far more patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Similarly laser therapy is also reported to be beneficial in number of other neurological conditions both in animal & human subjects. Examples are closed-head traumatic brain injury (mice)( In mice it is reported that there is less neurological deficits in post-traumatic brain injury treated with laser for traumatic brain injury.), neurodegenerative diseases (humans) example Alzheimer’s disease.
3. ENT conditions: Tonsillitis (Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2006;(3):19-22. Russian.), Tinnitus (FrankW et al; GMS Health Technol Assess. 2006 Aug 30;2:Doc17).
4. Surgical conditions: Chronic wound healing, Kaviani and colleagues (2006) examined the effects of low level laser therapy (LLLT) in the treatment of post-mastectomy lymphedema & concluded that LLLT has encouraging results on this condition. LLLT can be used as a conservative therapy for arm lymphoedema secondary to breast cancer treatment (BC Cancer Agency; 2007). Mastodynia is also treated successfully. Lymphangitis is also reported to be treated successfully
5. Dental conditions: post-operative pain after endodontic surgery (Kreisler et al; 2004). Markovic and Todorovic (2007) found after lower third molar surgery laser therapy can be recommended to minimize swelling & oedema. TMJ conditions also show encouraging results.
6. Musculoskeletal conditions: Bursitis, Tendinitis, Ligament injuries, CTS, Neck pain, LBA, myofascial pain syndrome (MPS), Post exercise pain (to treat plyometric induced pain), planter heel pain(Crawford and Thomson, 2003; Landorf and Menz, 2007).
7. Rheumatological conditions: RA (most studied) other rheumatologic pain
8. Other conditions: After effects of tuberculosis, Smoking cessation, Dysmenorrhea etc.
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